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　　口譯對(duì)譯員的要求非常高，譯員在翻譯的過(guò)程中會(huì)遇到各種各樣的問(wèn)題，今天尚語(yǔ)翻譯公司帶大家了解口譯現(xiàn)場(chǎng)常會(huì)遇到哪些事情?

　　The requirement of interpretation is very high. In the process of translation, interpreters will encounter all kinds of problems. Today, Shangyu translation company will show you what often happens in the scene of interpretation?

　　1.沒聽清、聽漏了或者沒聽懂

　　1. Not clear, missed or understood

　　由于口譯現(xiàn)場(chǎng)環(huán)境、講話人語(yǔ)速、語(yǔ)音等因素，或者由于譯者譯前準(zhǔn)備有疏漏、在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)一時(shí)疲憊分神等原因，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)這種情況。首先要分清這部分內(nèi)容是否重要、是否影響對(duì)其他部分的理解，如果是次要內(nèi)容，并不影響大局，可以省略不譯或采取模糊處理的辦法。如果是關(guān)乎全文的關(guān)鍵性內(nèi)容，就必須認(rèn)真對(duì)待。在相對(duì)寬松的環(huán)境下，如果方便得體，盡量立刻詢問(wèn)講話人，或者請(qǐng)教現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的相關(guān)專家，不能硬著頭皮往下譯，造成誤解，影響會(huì)談和交流;如果是非常正式的場(chǎng)合或者大會(huì)發(fā)言，只能先用比較中性或模糊的話過(guò)渡，然后集中注意力，恃機(jī)調(diào)整補(bǔ)救。

　　This will happen because of the environment, speaker's speaking speed, pronunciation and other factors, or because of the translator's careless preparation before translation, fatigue and distraction at the scene. First of all, we should distinguish whether this part is important or not, and whether it affects the understanding of other parts. If it is secondary, it does not affect the overall situation. We can omit the translation or adopt the method of fuzzy treatment. If it is the key content of the full text, it must be taken seriously. In a relatively relaxed environment, if it is convenient and appropriate, try to ask the speaker immediately, or consult the relevant experts on the scene, instead of trying to translate down, causing misunderstanding and affecting the talks and exchanges; if it is a very formal occasion or conference speech, we can only use neutral or fuzzy words for the transition, and then focus on the adjustment and remedy.

　　2.錯(cuò)譯

　　2. Mistranslation

　　優(yōu)秀的譯員在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)口譯中也難免出錯(cuò)。認(rèn)識(shí)到自己譯錯(cuò)了以后，不要驚慌，也不要說(shuō)“對(duì)不起，我譯錯(cuò)了”或者I’msorry.Imadeamistake.這樣不僅會(huì)讓聽眾產(chǎn)生理解混亂，還會(huì)損害譯員和譯文的可信度。這時(shí)可以重譯，并且對(duì)正確的譯文采取重音重復(fù)的辦法，就象平時(shí)說(shuō)話要強(qiáng)調(diào)某事一樣?；蛘咭越忉尩恼Z(yǔ)氣和方式，用Imean,…或“就是說(shuō)”、“確切地說(shuō)”引出正確的譯文

　　It is inevitable for an excellent interpreter to make mistakes in on-the-spot interpretation. When you realize that you have made a mistake in translation, don't panic. Don't say "I'm sorry, I've made a mistake in translation" or "I." msorry.Imadeamistake This will not only make the audience confused, but also damage the credibility of the interpreter and the translation. At this time can be retranslated, and the correct translation to take the way of stress repetition, as usual to emphasize something. Or in the tone and way of explanation, with Imean Or "that is to say" or "to be exact" leads to the correct translation

　　3.不會(huì)譯

　　3. Can't translate

　　不會(huì)譯是由于兩種原因造成的，一是沒聽懂，此時(shí)可以按本文的第一種情況處理;二是聽懂了，卻一時(shí)找不到恰當(dāng)?shù)谋磉_(dá)。此時(shí)可先直譯，再按自己的理解進(jìn)行解釋，雖然譯文難免生澀，原文韻味喪失殆盡，但不會(huì)造成誤解，也不會(huì)影響交流的進(jìn)程?？谧g中遇到習(xí)語(yǔ)、典故、詩(shī)詞、幽默或?qū)Ｓ忻~時(shí)，如果沒有充分的準(zhǔn)備或事前不了解講話內(nèi)容，一時(shí)就很難在目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言中找到對(duì)應(yīng)的表達(dá)。此時(shí)要力爭(zhēng)譯出原文的大意，傳達(dá)出講話人的主旨，并且使交流順利地進(jìn)行下去，哪怕譯文欠妥也無(wú)傷大雅。譯專有名詞時(shí)，如果拿不準(zhǔn)，還可以在譯文后重復(fù)原文，聽眾中的專業(yè)口譯人士很可能立刻就清楚了。

　　There are two reasons for not being able to translate: one is that I didn't understand it, so I can deal with it according to the first situation in this paper; the other is that I understand it, but I can't find the right expression. At this time, you can translate it directly, and then explain it according to your own understanding. Although the translation is unavoidably astringent and the charm of the original text is lost, it will not cause misunderstanding or affect the process of communication. When idioms, allusions, poems, humor or proper nouns are encountered in interpretation, it is difficult to find the corresponding expression in the target language without adequate preparation or understanding of the speech content in advance. At this time, we should try our best to translate the main idea of the original text, convey the main idea of the speaker, and make the communication go on smoothly, even if the translation is not good enough. When translating proper nouns, if you are not sure, you can also repeat the original text after the translation, so that the professional interpreters in the audience will know it immediately.

　　4.講話人說(shuō)錯(cuò)

　　4. The speaker is wrong

　　口譯中也可能遇到講話人說(shuō)錯(cuò)的情況，如果有違事實(shí)、史實(shí)或常識(shí)的錯(cuò)誤，或者是講話人口誤，口譯者意識(shí)到了這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，并且能改正，應(yīng)該在譯文中予以糾正。如果口譯懷疑講話人說(shuō)錯(cuò)，卻又不能肯定，在方便的情況下，應(yīng)向講話人確認(rèn);在大型會(huì)議場(chǎng)合中，應(yīng)按原文翻譯。

　　If there is a mistake that goes against facts, historical facts or common sense, or a mistake made by the speaker, the interpreter is aware of the mistake and can correct it, which should be corrected in the translation. If the interpreter suspects that the speaker is wrong, but is not sure, he should confirm with the speaker when it is convenient; in large-scale conference, he should translate according to the original text.

　　5.講話人邏輯混亂

　　5. The speaker's logic is confused

　　口譯常常譯的是即席講話或發(fā)言，而人們?cè)诩聪谧g表達(dá)中，由于思維和語(yǔ)言水平的限制，經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)不必要的重復(fù)、拖沓、語(yǔ)言模糊，或者斷句、層次不清、邏輯關(guān)系混亂等現(xiàn)象，這給譯員造成了很大困難。譯員要善于對(duì)原文進(jìn)行梳理，分清邏輯層次，迅速抓住主次，對(duì)于羅嗦重復(fù)的部分，應(yīng)刪繁就簡(jiǎn)、同義合并;對(duì)于邏輯不清的部分，要盡量理出層次和頭緒，并在譯文中體現(xiàn)出來(lái);對(duì)于斷句或語(yǔ)意不完整的部分，應(yīng)首先進(jìn)行句法轉(zhuǎn)換，并加以補(bǔ)充，力求完整，另外，如果下文接著說(shuō)或繼續(xù)相關(guān)內(nèi)容，則應(yīng)該在下文的口譯中，做到與此句相呼應(yīng)，體現(xiàn)上下文的關(guān)聯(lián)性和邏輯關(guān)系。

　　Interpretation often translates impromptu speech or speech. However, due to the limitation of thinking and language level, people often have unnecessary repetition, procrastination, vague language, or sentence segmentation, unclear level, confused logical relationship, which makes it very difficult for interpreters. The translator should be good at sorting out the original text, distinguish the logical levels, grasp the primary and secondary quickly, cut the wordy and repetitive parts and combine them with synonyms; for the parts with unclear logic, try to sort out the levels and clues and reflect them in the translation; In addition, if the following continues to speak or continue the relevant content, it should echo with this sentence in the interpretation of the following, reflecting the relevance and logical relationship of the context.

　　6.講話人語(yǔ)言不得體

　　6. The speaker's language is inappropriate

　　由于英漢兩種語(yǔ)言的文化背景迥異，思維和表達(dá)方式上差異很大，雙語(yǔ)交流時(shí)難免有文化的沖突，漢語(yǔ)中的一個(gè)問(wèn)候譯成英語(yǔ)口譯可能就變成無(wú)理的冒犯;而英語(yǔ)的一句贊揚(yáng)譯成中文也許會(huì)令人尷尬?？谧g者應(yīng)掌握兩種文化背景知識(shí)，提高敏感度，在講話人言語(yǔ)不得體的時(shí)候，要靈活處理，或者略去不譯、或者淡化、或者變通，避免誤解，使交流能順利進(jìn)行。

　　Due to the different cultural backgrounds and different ways of thinking and expression between English and Chinese, it is inevitable that there will be cultural conflicts in bilingual communication. The translation of a greeting in Chinese into English may become an unreasonable offense, while the translation of a compliment in English into Chinese may be embarrassing. Interpreters should master two kinds of cultural background knowledge, enhance sensitivity, and be flexible when the speaker's speech is inappropriate. They should either omit non translation, or dilute or adapt to avoid misunderstanding, so that the communication can go on smoothly.